Latin II 2nd Quarter Test 2017-8: Study Guide & Check List

I. Format of 2nd Quarter Test

A. Multiple Choice on morphology, syntax and history/culture, Questions on history and culture: 3 Periods of Roman history, The Regal Period/Monarchy; 510/9 and the establishment of the Res Publica; Aeneas Legend; Ilioupersis, nostoi, Rape of Lucretia; Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus; General Topography of Rome, Lucretia. Study World of Rome (Handout -The Idea of Rome) and questions and BBC Roman Republic Questions.

B. Verbal Morphology: 2-3 Verbs Games (one regular, one deponent or one irregular verb) and a list of verbs conjugated to translate into English or Latin.

C. Nominal Morphology: 1) decline noun-adjective pairs of declensions 1-5, 3rd declension i-stem adjectives and nouns (mare, maris n.; civis, civis m.) ius paradigm words (solus, unus, ullus, nullus, totus, uterque), hic, ille, iste, idem, is, aliquis, quis? etc. and irregular comparatives and superlative adjectives and adverbs (melior, maior, peior, minor, etc) Put in required case and translate. Know vocabulary from last five lists.

D. English to Latin Sentences with Indirect Statement, Relative tense, Ablative Absolute, Five uses of infinitives, impersonal verbs, Participles, Relative Clauses, Clauses with dum, cum, ubi, quod, si, nisi, etc. Vocabulary taken from the last five lists Ajax and Aeolus and Lucretia.

E. Translation of selections from all stories into English and parsing: Stories about the Kings of Rome, Ajax and Aeolus and Lucretia

F. Unseen translation from Latin to English and parsing.

II. Culture and History

Three Periods of Roman History

Dates and Events at beginning and end of each period

Aeneas Legend

Destruction of Troy/Ilioupersis

Aeneas, Venus, Anchises, Iulus/Ascanius, Dido, Latium, Latinus, Lavinia, Lavinium, Alba Longa

Aeolus, Juno, Aeneas, Aeolian Islands

Nostoi, Ajax and Pallas, Cassandra, Ilioupersis (destruction of Troy)

Foundation of City on Palatine Hill with huts

Questions from BBC The Roman Republic 1-15

cursus honorum

magistrates

Features of the consulship

Regal Period

7 kings - but especially Romulus, Numa and Tarquinius Priscus, Tarquinius Superbus

Lucretia

Brutus and Collatinus

First Consuls

Expulsion of the Kings

War with Etruscans and Lars Porsenna of Clusium (Etruscan King)

lictors and fasces and imperium

III. Morphology and Syntax

Case Syntax: Know the following very well for semester exam.

I. Nominative Case:

A. Subject of the finite form of the verb. Ranae volant="Frogs are flying"

B. Predicate Adjective or Predicate Nominative with copulative verbs 1) Ranae sunt formosae = "frogs are sexy 2) rana est noster rex = this frog is our king 3) Ea videtur irata - she seems angry

II. Genitive Case:

A. Possessive Genitive Oculi huius ranae sunt pulcherrimi - "The eyes of this frog are beautiful or this frog's eyes are beautiful"

B. Objective Genitive amor ranarum = love of/for frogs

C. Genitive of Description/Characteristic Noster rex est vir magnae sapientiae virtutisque = "Our king is a man of great wisdom and courage."

D. Partitive Genitive Viginti milia passum; Pars nostrum in silvas fugere vult - "part of us want to flee into the woods" plus vine - more (of) wine maximus deus omnium - the greatest god of all

F. Special Adjective: plenus, a, um - full of Eius caput est plenum saxorum - his head is full of rocks

III. Dative Case:

A. Dative Indirect Object Marcus flores pulchriori puellae dabit. "Marcus will give flowers to the more beautiful girl"

B. Dative of the possessor Pecunia mihi est. There is money for me = I have money

C. Dative after special verbs: noceo, nocere, nocui - to harm

pareo, parere, parui - to obey

appropinquo (1) to approach

credo, credere, credidi, creditum - to believe, trust

parco, parcere, peperci - to spare

licet, licere, licuit - it is permitted

placet, placere, placuit - it is pleasing

D. Dative with special adjectives: inimicus, a, um; amicus, a, um; carus, a, um; similis, -e; vicinus, a, um; gratus, a, um

IV. Accusative Case:

A. Direct Object

B. Accusative of Time Duration or Extend of Space: multos annos paucos dies tres menses - for three months

C. With prepositions: per, propter, in, sub, circum, prope, ad, contra, ante, post, apud, extra, intra, ultra, praeter, inter, super...

D. Accusative subject of an infinitive: Marcus dicit hos viros in urbem venisse./ Marcus says that these men have come into the city

V. Ablative Case:

A. SIDSPACE prepositions: sine, in, de, sub, pro, ab, cum, ex + ablative

B. Means or Instrument (no preposition) Is eum regem acuto gladio interfecit - he killed the king with a sharp sword

C. Manner (optional cum): summa cum laude/with the highest praise magna (cum) celeritate

D. Time When: tertio die= on the third day prima luce=at first lignt

E. Time within Which paucis annis = in a few years tribus diebus = in three days

F. Personal Agent (after passive voice - use a(b) - Haec a(b) militibus agentur = These things will be done by the soldiers.

H. Ablative of Cause - Adentu Caesaris - On account of the arrival of Caesar

I. Ablative Absolute: Verbis his dictis, patres domum venerunt./When these words had been said, the Senators went home.

J. Ablative of Comparison

Evan est fortior Marte ipso. Even is braver than Mars Himself

K. Ablative of degree of difference: multo, paulo, aliquanto

3) Crucial Terms and Concepts: apposition, substantive adjective, pronoun, antecedent, participle phrase, subordination, relative clause, ablative absolute, subordinating conjunction, coordinating conjunction, transitive verb, intransitive verb, copulative verb, finite verb, infinitive, reflexive pronoun, etc.

4) Vocabulary: Review vocabulary from stories: Aeneas, Romulus, Lucretia, Ajax, Aeolus. See lists on the website

5) The Syntax of QUAM - 7 uses - see handout.

5) Comparative and Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs. See Wheelock Chapters XXVI and XXVII. Also handouts and notes, especial for adverbs.

5) Ablative absolute - elevation and relative tense are crucial - study my handout or see the ablative absolute chapter in Wheelock page 193

6) All participles - “morphology and elevation into subordinate clause and relative â€“ study handout or see chapter in Wheelock 184

7) Verbal Morphology (especially passive voice of the present system and perfect). Here a few to practice. Do not forget irregular verbs and deponent verbs.

actum est feret docent docebuntur duceris capi

cepi ceperamus tulerimus iaciet iaculatus est passus erat

fiebat ibit iverit factum est voluit malebat iunctae sunt

iungemus iunxistis iungi morior moratur conantur

iunxisse iunguntur iacietur iecimus iaci ieci

iactum erat iactum erit sensit sentiemini sequitur

sentietis sensisti sensa erant ire ferte fer

fertur fert ferent lata sunt ortus sum sequentur

rapientes rapietis rapiebamini raptus est rapti estis malent

volent rapi rapui rapuisse rape rapite conamini

8) Irregular Verbs fio, fieri, factus sum; eo, ire, ii, iturus; fero, ferre, tuli, latus; volo, velle, volui; nolo, nolle, nolui; malo, malle, malui - appendix in Wheelock

9) Omnis, -e or fortis, -e - 3rd declension adjectives also ingens & acer, acris, acre

10) Third declension i-stem nouns: civis, ars, animal, mare, vis, hostis, etc see Wheelock page 114.

11) Be able to decline vis, vis (f) and mare, maris (n)

12) 4th declension nouns cursus, - us (m), manus, -us (f), and cornu, cornus (n) or genu, genus (n)- knee

13) 5th declension nouns, like: res, rei (f) dies, diei (m)

14) Reflexive pronoun --------, sui, sibi, se, se and reflective possessive adjective suus, a, um

15) Ipse, ipsa, ipsum intensive pronoun/adjective - do not confuse with reflexive

16) 5 infinitives: amare amari

amavisse amatum esse

amaturum esse amatum iri

17) Syntax of infinitives Five uses. See handout (complementary; objective with iubeo, iubere; as subject; with impersonal verb - licet, placet and indirect statement. see my handout

18) Indirect Statement (Wheelock page 201): Head verb + Accusative subject + Infinitive

-RELATIVE TENSE of infinitives

-see handout and Wheelock chapter XXV

-relative tense is crucial

-use of the reflexive pronoun and adjective in indirect statement -, ____, sui, sibi, se, se and suus, a, um vs. personal pronoun

19) Irregular and -ius adjectives like solus, totus, nullus, ullus, unus, etc.

20) RELATIVE PRONOUN - morphology of qui, quae, quod What is the relationship between any pronoun and its antecedent?

22) Interrogative pronouns, adjectives and adverbs. See handout and vocabulary list.

21) Review morphology and meanings of: aliquis, aliquid

quidam, quaedam, quoddam

quis? quid?

is, ea, id

hic, haec, hoc

ille, illa, illud

ipse, ipsa, ipsum

iste, ista, istud

qui, quae, quod

ego, mei, mihi, me, me

tu, tui, tibi, te, te

nos, nostri, nobis, nos, nobis

vos, vestri, vobis, vos, vobis

meus, a, um

tuus, a, um

noster, nostra, nostrum

vester, vestra, vestrum

suus, a, um

-ius paradigm:

totus, a, um; solus, a um; unus, a, um; ullus, a, um; nullus, a, um

idem, eadem, idem -the same

Latin II Check List & Study Guide for First Quarter Test

I. Review vocabulary from stories and quizzes. Click here for the lists. I have indicated where they stop for this test as you scroll down the page.

II. Stories: Translation, Parsing (morphology/Syntax), Justify cases of nouns, and history or mythological references.

A. Atalanta Et Hippomines, Parts I and II

B. The Story of Tarquinius Priscus (De Tarquinio Prisco Rege)

C. The Reign of Servius Tullius

D. The Death of Servius Tullius

III. Grammatical concepts: finite verb, infinitive, complementary infinitive, apposition, substantive, transitive verb, intransitive verb, copulative verb (grammatical = sign), predicate nominative, predicate adjective, active voice, passive voice, syntax, morphology, reflexive, antecdent parts of speech, case syntax….

What is the relationship between a finite verb and its subject?

What is the relationship between a Latin noun and the adjective that modifies it?

What is the relationship between a pronoun and its antecedent?

What is the antecedent of something reflexive?

IV. Morphology of adjectives and nouns in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd (including i-stems), 4th and 5th declensions.

A. First Declension: puella, -ae and APPIANS (masc. words of 1st declension): auriga, pirata, poeta, incola, agricola, nauta, scriba, collega.

B. Second declension nouns, such as:

servus, -i (m) vocative singular is serve ager, agrī (m) field vir, viri (m) man

baculum, -i (n) stick studium, studii (n) eagerness, zeal humus, humī (f) ground

C. First and second declension adjectives:

magnus, a, um miser, misera, miserum noster, nostra, nostrum

D. Third Declension: rex, regis (m) celeritas, celeritatis (f) corpus, corporis (n)

E. Third Declension I-stem nouns and adjectives

(See Wheelock pages 114-6 and 131 -3):

ars, artis (f) civis, civis (m) mare, maris (n) animal, animalis (n)

vis, vis (f) power, force; in plural = strength

F. Third Declension Adjectives are I-Stems:

1. One termination: ingens, ingens, ingens

ingens, ingentis

audax, audacis

2, Two termination: gravis, gravis, grave fortis, fortis, forte

3. Three terminations: celer, celeris, celere acer, acris, acre

G. –IUS paradigm adjectives: UNUS NAUTA:

totus, solus, unus, ullus, nullus, uterque, uter? alius, alia, aliud, neuter, -ra, -rum, alter, altera, alterum

See Wheelock pages 73-4 for paradigm.

IV. Pronouns:

ego, mei, mihi, me, me Personal pronoun

tu, tui, tibi, te, te Personal pronoun

nos, nostri, nobis, nos, nobis Personal pronoun

vos, vestri, vobis, vos, vobis Personal pronoun

is, ea, id May function as a personal pronoun (in realty a demonstrative adjective)

-----, sui, sibi, se, se reflexive pronoun What will be its antecedent?

quī, quae, quod - relative pronoun

V. Know the following demonstrative or possessive adjectives:

is, ea, id - a weak demonstrative

hic, haec, hoc - this, these demonstrative

ille, illa, illud - that, those demonstrative

iste, ista, istud - that of yours, those of yours demonstrative

ipse, ipsa, ipsum - stress or intensive adjective

meus, a, um possssessssive

tuus, a, um possessive

vester, vestra, vestrum possissive

noster, nostra, nostrum posssisssive

suus, a, um possisssive reflexive“his/her/their own”

VI. Verbal Morphology:

Know the present system active and passive for: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 3rdIO, 4th

amo, amare, amavi, amatus, a, um

doceo, docere, docui, doctus, a, um

mitto, mittere, misi, missus, a, um

rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus, a, um

punio, punire, punivi, punitus, a, um

Know morphology and translation of present, future and imperfect.

B. Know the Perfect System active and passive for: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 3rdIO, 4th

amo, amare, amavi, amatus, a, um

doceo, docere, docui, doctus, a, um

mitto, mittere, misi, missus, a, um

rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus, a, um

punio, punire, punivi, punitus, a, um

C. Six tenses of the following irregular verbs. See Wheelock pages 506-9

fero, ferre, tuli, latus – know both active and passive for fero

fio, fieri, factus sum – to happen, to become, to be made (the forms are passive in the perfect system) - copulative verb

volo, velle, volui – to want or wish

nolo, nolle, nolui – to not want or wish

(neg. imperatives noli & nolite + infinitive. e.g. nolite facere hoc = Do not do this)

malo, malle, malui – to prefer

eo, ire, ii or ivi, iturus – to go

sum, esse, fui, futurus – to be - copulative verb

possum, posse, potui – to be able + complementary infinitive

1) Only fero, ferre, tuli, latus has both active and passive forums.

2) All these irregular verbs are regular in the prefect system.

E. Know the present active and passive infinitives

amare amari

docere doceri

petere peti

capere capi

punire puniri

ferre ferri

IX. Caes Syntax (most of these are review from Latin One. See me or ask in class, if you need review of any of these because they are crucial):

I. Nominative Case:

A. Subject of the finite form of the verb. Antara per vias currit.

B. Predicate Adjective or Predicate Nominative.

Lydia fiet regina. Lydia erit regina. Lydia est celeris.

II. Genitive Case:

A. Possessive Genitive: Caesaris gladius= Caesar’s sword or the sword of Caesar

B. Objective Genitive: amor ranarum = love of/for frogs odium nostri - hatred for us

C. Genitive of Description: vir sapientiae virtutisque. a man of wisdom and courage

D. Partitive Genitive haec pars nostrum erat celeris. This part of us is fast.

E. Special Adjective:

plenus, a, um - full of; memor, memoris - mindful; oblitus, a, um - having forgotten

Haec dea memor illius belli semper fuit. This goddess has always been mindful of that war.

III. Dative Case:

A. Dative of the possesssssor: Obesa rana mihi est. I have a fat frog.

Est gladius mihi. The is a sword for me.

B. Dative Indirect Object: Ea huic ranae basia dabit/ She will give kisses to this fog

C. Dative after special verbs: noceo, nocere, nocui - to harm

pareo, parere, parui - to obey

appropinquo (1) to approach

D. Dative with special adjectives:

amicus, a, um; inimicus, a, um; similis, -e; vicinus, a, um;

IV. Accusative Case:

A. Direct Object of a transitive verb: Ego istos amicos video. I see those friend or yours.

B. Accusative of Time Duration (NO PREPOSITION):

multos annos/”for many years”

tres dies/ “for three days”

C. With prepositions:

per, propter, in, sub, circum, prope, ad, contra, ante, post, apud, extra, intra, ultra, praeter, inter, super

V. Ablative Case:

A. SIDSPACE prepositions:

sine, in, de, sub, pro, ab, cum, ex + ablative

B. Means or Instrument (no prepositions)

C. Manner (optional cum when there is an adj.):

summa cum laude/with the highest praise.

magna celeritate “with great speed”

cum celeritate/”with speed”

D. Time When (no preposition):

tertio die= on the third day eo ipso tempore/at that very time

prima luce=at first light

E. Time within Which (no preposition): paucis annis = in a few years

F. Personal Agent:

(after passive voice. Must be a person. Use preposition “ab”)

Haec a(b) militibus agentur = These things will be done by the soldiers.

Know major periods of Roman history and their beginning and ending dates and the significance of these dates

Know (grammar, parsing vocabulary, translation) the stories about Aeneas and Romulus.

The Aeneas Legend and Legend of Romulus and Remus

III. Grammatical concepts: finite verb, infinitive, complementary infinitive, apposition, substantive, copulative verb (grammatical = sign), predicate nominative, predicate adjective, active voice, passive voice, syntax, morphology, reflexive, antecdent parts of speech, case syntax….

What is the relation ship between a pronoun and an antecedent?

What is relative tense concerning participles?

What is the antecedent of something reflexive?

IV. Participles

What part of speech are participles?
Know morphology - how to form and recognize them.
Relative tense
How to elevate into English subordinate clauses.

IV. Morphology of adjectives and nouns in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd (including i-stems) and 4th declension.

A. First Declension: puella, -ae andAPPIANS (masc. words of 1st declension): auriga, pirata, poeta, incola, agricola, nauta, scriba

B. Second declension:

servus, -i (m) vocative singular is serve

vir, viri (m) man ager, agri (m) field or farmland

baculum, -i (n) stick

C. First and second declension adjectives:

magnus, a, um miser, misera, miserum noster, nostra, nostrum

D. Third Declension: rex, regis (m) celeritas, celeritatis (f) corpus, corporis (n)

E. Third Declension I-stem nouns and adjectives

(See Wheelock pages 114-6 and 131 -3):

ars, artis (f) civis, civis (m) mare, maris (n) animal, animalis (n)

vis, vis (f) power, force; in plural = strength

F. Third Declension Adjectives are I-Stems:

One termination: ingens, ingens, ingens

ingens, ingentis

audax, audacis

Two termination: gravis, gravis, grave fortis, fortis, forte

Three terminations: celer, celeris, celere acer, acris, acre

G. –IUS paradigm adjectives: totus, solus, unus, ullus, nullus, uterque

See Wheelock pages 73-4 for paradigm.

IV. Pronouns:

Ego, mei, mihi, me, me Personal pronoun

Tu, tui, tibi, te, te Personal pronoun

Nos, nostri, nobis, nos, nobis Personal pronoun

Vos, vestri, vobis, vos, vobis Personal pronoun

is, ea, id Personal pronoun (in realty a demonstrative adjective)

-----, sui, sibi, se, se reflexive pronoun

quī, quae, quod - relative pronoun

Know how to translate, morphology, syntax

V. Know the following adjectives:

is, ea, id weak demonstrative

īdem, eadem, idem - the same

hic, haec, hoc demonstrative

ille, illa, illud demonstrative

iste, ista, istud demonstrative

ipse, ipsa, ipsum stress or intensive adjective

meus, a, um possssessssive

tuus, a, um possessive

vester, vestra, vestrum possissive

noster, nostra, nostrum posssisssive

suus, a, um possisssive reflexive“his/her/their own”

VI. Verbal Morphology:

Know the present system active and passive for: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 3rdIO, 4th

amo, amare, amavi, amatus, a, um

doceo, docere, docui, doctus, a, um

mitto, mittere, misi, missus, a, um

rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus, a, um

punio, punire, punivi, punitus, a, um

Know morphology and translation of present, future and imperfect.

B. Know the Perfect System active and passive for: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 3rdIO, 4th

amo, amare, amavi, amatus, a, um

doceo, docere, docui, doctus, a, um

mitto, mittere, misi, missus, a, um

rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus, a, um

punio, punire, punivi, punitus, a, um

C. Six tenses of the following irregular verbs. See Wheelock pages 506-9

a fero, ferre, tuli, latus – know both active and passive for fero

b fio, fieri, factus sum – to happen, to become, to be made (the forms are passive in the perfect system)

c volo, velle, volui – to want or wish

d nolo, nolle, nolui – to not want or wish

(neg. imperatives noli & nolite + infinitive. e.g. nolite facere hoc = Do not do this)

a malo, malle, malui – to prefer

b eo, ire, ii or ivi, iturus – to go

c sum, esse, fui, futurus – to be

d possum, posse, potui – to be able

D. Nota Bene:

1) Only fero, ferre, tuli, latus has both active and passive forums.

2) All these irregular are regular in the prefect system.

E. Know the present active and passive infinitives

amare amari

docere doceri

petere peti

capere capi

punire puniri

IX. Caes Syntax (most of these are review from Latin One. See me or ask in class, if you need review of any of these because they are crucial):

I. Nominative Case:

A. Subject of the finite form of the verb. Antara per vias currit.

B. Predicate Adjective or Predicate Nominative. Virginia fiet regina.

II. Genitive Case:

A. Possessive Genitive Caesaris gladius= Caesar’s sword

B. Objective Genitive amor ranarum = love of/for frogs

C. Genitive of Description vir sapientiae virtutisque

D. Partitive Genitive haec pars nostrum erat celeris. This part of us is fast.

E. Special Adjective: plenus, a, um - full of

III. Dative Case:

A Dative of the possesssssor:

Obesa rana mihi est. I have a fat frog.

A Dative Indirect Object:

Ea huic ranae basia dabit/ She will give kisses to this fog

C. Dative after special verbs: noceo, nocere, nocui - to harm

pareo, parere, parui - to obey

appropinquo (1) to approach

A Dative with special adjectives:

amicus, a, um; inimicus, a, um; similis, -e; vicinus, a, um;

IV. Accusative Case:

A. Direct Object.

B. Accusative of Time Duration (NO PREPOSITION):

multos annos/”for many years”

tres dies/ “for three days”

C. With prepositions: per, propter, in, sub, circum, prope, ad, contra, ante, post, apud, extra, intra, ultra, praeter, inter, super

V. Ablative Case:

A SIDSPACE prepositions:

sine, in, de, sub, pro, ab, cum, ex + ablative

B. Means or Instrument (no preposition, Christian)

A Manner (optional cum when there is an adj.):

summa cum laude/with the highest praise.

Magna celeritate “with great speed”

Cum celeritate/”with speed”

A Time When (no preposition):

tertio die= on the third day eo ipso tempore/at that very time

prima luce=at first lignt

E. Time within Which (no preposition): paucis annis = in a few years

F. Personal Agent:

(after passive voice. Must be a person. Use preposition “ab”)

Haec a(b) militibus agentur = These things will be done by the soldiers.

Latin II Check List & Study Guide for Test One

I. Review vocabulary from stories and quizzes. Click here for the lists. I have indicated where they stop for this test as you scroll down the page.

II. Stories: Translation, Parsing (morphology/Syntax), Justify cases of nouns, and history or mythological references.

A. Atalanta Et Hippomines, Parts I and II

B. The Story of Tarquinius Priscus (De Tarquinio Prisco Rege)

C. The Reign of Servius Tullius

D. The Death of Servius Tullius

III. Grammatical concepts: finite verb, infinitive, complementary infinitive, apposition, substantive, transitive verb, intransitive verb, copulative verb (grammatical = sign), predicate nominative, predicate adjective, active voice, passive voice, syntax, morphology, reflexive, antecdent parts of speech, case syntax….

What is the relationship between a finite verb and its subject?

What is the relationship between a Latin noun and the adjective that modifies it?

What is the relationship between a pronoun and its antecedent?

What is the antecedent of something reflexive?

IV. Morphology of adjectives and nouns in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd (including i-stems), 4th and 5th declensions.

A. First Declension: puella, -ae and APPIANS (masc. words of 1st declension): auriga, pirata, poeta, incola, agricola, nauta, scriba, collega.

B. Second declension nouns, such as:

servus, -i (m) vocative singular is serve ager, agrī (m) field vir, viri (m) man

baculum, -i (n) stick studium, studii (n) eagerness, zeal humus, humī (f) ground

C. First and second declension adjectives:

magnus, a, um miser, misera, miserum noster, nostra, nostrum

D. Third Declension: rex, regis (m) celeritas, celeritatis (f) corpus, corporis (n)

E. Third Declension I-stem nouns and adjectives

(See Wheelock pages 114-6 and 131 -3):

ars, artis (f) civis, civis (m) mare, maris (n) animal, animalis (n)

vis, vis (f) power, force; in plural = strength

F. Third Declension Adjectives are I-Stems:

1. One termination: ingens, ingens, ingens

ingens, ingentis

audax, audacis

2, Two termination: gravis, gravis, grave fortis, fortis, forte

3. Three terminations: celer, celeris, celere acer, acris, acre

G. –IUS paradigm adjectives: UNUS NAUTA:

totus, solus, unus, ullus, nullus, uterque, uter? alius, alia, aliud, neuter, -ra, -rum, alter, altera, alterum

See Wheelock pages 73-4 for paradigm.

IV. Pronouns:

ego, mei, mihi, me, me Personal pronoun

tu, tui, tibi, te, te Personal pronoun

nos, nostri, nobis, nos, nobis Personal pronoun

vos, vestri, vobis, vos, vobis Personal pronoun

is, ea, id May function as a personal pronoun (in realty a demonstrative adjective)

-----, sui, sibi, se, se reflexive pronoun What will be its antecedent?

quī, quae, quod - relative pronoun

V. Know the following demonstrative or possessive adjectives:

is, ea, id - a weak demonstrative

hic, haec, hoc - this, these demonstrative

ille, illa, illud - that, those demonstrative

iste, ista, istud - that of yours, those of yours demonstrative

ipse, ipsa, ipsum - stress or intensive adjective

meus, a, um possssessssive

tuus, a, um possessive

vester, vestra, vestrum possissive

noster, nostra, nostrum posssisssive

suus, a, um possisssive reflexive“his/her/their own”

VI. Verbal Morphology:

Know the present system active and passive for: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 3rdIO, 4th

amo, amare, amavi, amatus, a, um

doceo, docere, docui, doctus, a, um

mitto, mittere, misi, missus, a, um

rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus, a, um

punio, punire, punivi, punitus, a, um

Know morphology and translation of present, future and imperfect.

B. Know the Perfect System active and passive for: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 3rdIO, 4th

amo, amare, amavi, amatus, a, um

doceo, docere, docui, doctus, a, um

mitto, mittere, misi, missus, a, um

rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus, a, um

punio, punire, punivi, punitus, a, um

C. Six tenses of the following irregular verbs. See Wheelock pages 506-9

fero, ferre, tuli, latus – know both active and passive for fero

fio, fieri, factus sum – to happen, to become, to be made (the forms are passive in the perfect system) - copulative verb

volo, velle, volui – to want or wish

nolo, nolle, nolui – to not want or wish

(neg. imperatives noli & nolite + infinitive. e.g. nolite facere hoc = Do not do this)

malo, malle, malui – to prefer

eo, ire, ii or ivi, iturus – to go

sum, esse, fui, futurus – to be - copulative verb

possum, posse, potui – to be able + complementary infinitive

1) Only fero, ferre, tuli, latus has both active and passive forums.

2) All these irregular verbs are regular in the prefect system.

E. Know the present active and passive infinitives

amare amari

docere doceri

petere peti

capere capi

punire puniri

ferre ferri

IX. Caes Syntax (most of these are review from Latin One. See me or ask in class, if you need review of any of these because they are crucial):

I. Nominative Case:

A. Subject of the finite form of the verb. Antara per vias currit.

B. Predicate Adjective or Predicate Nominative.

Lydia fiet regina. Lydia erit regina. Lydia est celeris.

II. Genitive Case:

A. Possessive Genitive: Caesaris gladius= Caesar’s sword or the sword of Caesar

B. Objective Genitive: amor ranarum = love of/for frogs odium nostri - hatred for us

C. Genitive of Description: vir sapientiae virtutisque. a man of wisdom and courage

D. Partitive Genitive haec pars nostrum erat celeris. This part of us is fast.

E. Special Adjective:

plenus, a, um - full of; memor, memoris - mindful; oblitus, a, um - having forgotten

Haec dea memor illius belli semper fuit. This goddess has always been mindful of that war.

III. Dative Case:

A. Dative of the possesssssor: Obesa rana mihi est. I have a fat frog.

Est gladius mihi. The is a sword for me.

B. Dative Indirect Object: Ea huic ranae basia dabit/ She will give kisses to this fog

C. Dative after special verbs: noceo, nocere, nocui - to harm

pareo, parere, parui - to obey

appropinquo (1) to approach

D. Dative with special adjectives:

amicus, a, um; inimicus, a, um; similis, -e; vicinus, a, um;

IV. Accusative Case:

A. Direct Object of a transitive verb: Ego istos amicos video. I see those friend or yours.

B. Accusative of Time Duration (NO PREPOSITION):

multos annos/”for many years”

tres dies/ “for three days”

C. With prepositions:

per, propter, in, sub, circum, prope, ad, contra, ante, post, apud, extra, intra, ultra, praeter, inter, super

V. Ablative Case:

A. SIDSPACE prepositions:

sine, in, de, sub, pro, ab, cum, ex + ablative

B. Means or Instrument (no prepositions)

C. Manner (optional cum when there is an adj.):

summa cum laude/with the highest praise.

magna celeritate “with great speed”

cum celeritate/”with speed”

D. Time When (no preposition):

tertio die= on the third day eo ipso tempore/at that very time

prima luce=at first light

E. Time within Which (no preposition): paucis annis = in a few years

F. Personal Agent:

(after passive voice. Must be a person. Use preposition “ab”)

Haec a(b) militibus agentur = These things will be done by the soldiers.

Check List of Things for the Third Quarter Test.

A. Morphology:

Subjunctive Mood in all tenses and voices
Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs, regular and irregular
All infinitives
Verb game, regular, deponent, irregular verbs: fio, fero, sum, possum, eo, nolo, volo, malo.
interrogative adjectives, pronouns and adverbs
Nouns of declension 1-5

B. Syntax

1. Cum- clauses (temporal, circumstantial, causal, concessive)

2. Indirect Question (quis, quid; qui, quae, quod; quomodo, cur, quam ob rem, quo, ubi, quando....)

3. Purpose Clauses (ut or ne + subjunctive)

4. Result Clauses (tam, tantus, tot, talis, sic, adeo, ita)

6. Jussive and Hortatory Subjunctive (negate with ne)

7. Sequence of tenses for dependent subjunctives (extremely Important).

8. Future More Vivid Condition (protasis and apodosis) with si and nisi

9. Noun/Substantive Clauses/Indirect Command

10. Use of “UT” (with indicative or subjunctive)

11. Review indirect statement (head verb + acc. subject + infinitive)

12. Imperial Verbs: licet + dat. + inf./ placet + dat. + inf./ oportet + acc. + inf.

C. Readings/Stories:

Roma Aeterna
Catullus 5, 7, 8
Ilioupersis (first page)
Pyrrhus of Epirus paragraph
Marcellus paragraph
Hannibal and Saguntum paragraph

D. History/Culture: Questions from World of Rome from Kings to Hannibal (2nd punic war), Cursus Honorum, conflict geography of conquest, etc.

Latin II Semester Exam - Study Guide and Check List

1) Format:

A. Multiple Choice on morphology, syntax and history/culture

B. Verbal Morphology: 2 Verbs Games (one regular and one irregular verb) and a list of verbs conjugated to translate into English or Latin.

C. Nominal Morphology: 1) decline noun-adjective pairs of declensions 1-5, ius paradigm words (solus, unus, ullus, nullus, totus, uterque….), hic, ille, iste, idem, is, etc. and irregular comparatives and superlative (melior, maior, peior, minor, etc) Put in required case and translate. Know vocabulary from all lists.

D. English to Latin Sentences with Indirect Statement, Relative tense, Ablative Absolute, Five uses of infinitives, impersonal verbs, Participles, Relative Clauses, Clauses with dum, cum, ubi, quod, si, nisi, etc. Vocabulary taken from Stories about the Kings of Rome, Ajax and Aeolus and Lucretia.

E. Translation of selections from stories into English and parsing - Kings, Ajax, Aeolus, Lucretia, Roma Aeterna

F. Unseen translation from Latin to English and parsing.

G. Short Answer questions on history and culture: 3 Periods of Roman history, The Regal Period/Monarchy; 510/9 and the establishment of the Res Publica; Aeneas Legend; Romulus, Rape of Lucretia; Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus; General Topography of Rome, See Romulus and/or Lucretia story for map. Study World of Rome (Handout -The Idea of Rome) pages 8-10 and questions.

H. Check list of history and cultural topics and terms:

Three Periods of Roman History

Dates and Events at beginning and end of each period

Aeneas Legend

Destruction of Troy

Aeneas, Venus, Anchises, Iulus/Ascanius, Dido, Latium, Latinus, Lavinia, Lavinium, Alba Longa

Aeolus, Juno, Aeneas, Aeolian Islands

Ajax and Pallas, Cassandra, Ilioupersis (destruction of Troy)

Romulus and Remus

Ascanius/Iulus

Alba Longa

Numitor and Amulius

Rhea Silva and Mars

Romulus and Remus

Lupercal and Lupa

Tiber River

Vestal Virgins

Augury and Fratricide

Sabine Women and Titus Tatius

Foundation of City on Palatine Hill with huts

Regal Period

7 kings - but only Romulus, Numa and Tarquinius Superbus individually

dates

Lucretia

Brutus and Collatinus

First Consuls

Expulsion of the Kings

War with Etruscans

lictors and fasces and imperium

augury

Topography of Rome

Capitoline Hill and temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, Arx and temple of Juno Moneta, Asylum of Romulus

Seven Hills

Palatine and Roma Quadrata

Campus Martius

Forum Romanum

Forum Boarium

Tiber River

Tiber Island (Insula)

The World of Rome Video and Questions

Here is a link to the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K7Yds8bWz4

Know basic structures and features of a Roman city.

castra - military camp (castra -orum n. p.)

Grid plan or Hippodamian Plan

Forum

Rostra - speakers platform

Curia - senate house

Basilica (law courts)

Temples (templum or aedes)

Walls and towers

pomerium - sacred boundary

aquaduct and fountains

theater

amphitheater -hunts and gladitorial ames

circus and circus maximus

thermae - bath complex (calidarium, frigidarium, tepidarium)

domus - Roman House and Atrium - Central Rome in Roman house

Via Appia

Caesar’s Conquest of Gaul and Druids

Pompeii and Herculaneum (destroyed by Vesuvius in 79 AD)

Ostia - Rome’s port on the Tyrrhenian Sea at the mouth (os, oris n.) of the Tiber River

2) Case Syntax: Know the following very well for semester exam.

I. Nominative Case:

A. Subject of the finite form of the verb. Ranae volant="Frogs are flying"

B. Predicate Adjective or Predicate Nominative with copulative verbs 1) Ranae sunt formosae = "frogs are sexy 2) rana est noster rex = this frog is our king 3) Ea videtur irata - she seems angry

II. Genitive Case:

A. Possessive Genitive Oculi huius ranae sunt pulcherrimi - "The eyes of this frog are beautiful or this frog's eyes are beautiful"

B. Objective Genitive amor ranarum = love of/for frogs

C. Genitive of Description/Characteristic Noster rex est vir magnae sapientiae virtutisque = "Our king is a man of great wisdom and courage."

D. Partitive Genitive Viginti milia passum; Pars nostrum in silvas fugere vult - "part of us want to flee into the woods" plus vine - more (of) wine maximus deus omnium - the greatest god of all

F. Special Adjective: plenus, a, um - full of Eius caput est plenum saxorum - his head is full of rocks

III. Dative Case:

A. Dative Indirect Object Nicolas flores pulchriori puellae dabit. "Ducan will give flowers to the more beautiful girl"

B. Dative of the possessor Pecunia mihi est. There is money for me = I have money

C. Dative after special verbs: noceo, nocere, nocui - to harm

pareo, parere, parui - to obey

appropinquo (1) to approach

credo, credere, credidi, creditum - to believe, trust

parco, parcere, peperci - to spare

licet, licere, licuit - it is permitted

placet, placere, placuit - it is pleasing

D. Dative with special adjectives: inimicus, a, um; amicus, a, um; carus, a, um; similis, -e; vicinus, a, um; gratus, a, um

IV. Accusative Case:

A. Direct Object

B. Accusative of Time Duration or Extend of Space: multos annos paucos dies tres menses - for three months

C. With prepositions: per, propter, in, sub, circum, prope, ad, contra, ante, post, apud, extra, intra, ultra, praeter, inter, super...

D. Accusative subject of an infinitive: Marcus dicit hos viros in urbem venisse./ Marcus says that these men have come into the city